Table of Contents

• Executive Summary
• 1. Vanpooling in North Dakota
• 2. Operating and Ownership Options
  • 2.1 Cost of Private Car Ownership
  • 2.2 Traditional Vanpool Operations
  • 2.3 Ownership Options
    • 2.3.1 Owner-Operator Vans
    • 2.3.2 Employer Vans
    • 2.3.3 Third-Party Vanpool Programs
  • 2.4 Atypical Operating Issues
    • 2.4.1 Liability Insurance
    • 2.4.2 Driver's License Requirements
    • 2.4.3 Drug Testing
    • 2.4.4 Background/Credit Checks
    • 2.4.5 ADA Requirements
• 3. Federal Incentives and Funding Sources
  • 3.1 Federal Vanpool Incentives
    • 3.1.1 Tax Incentives
    • 3.1.2 Federal Funding Sources
    • 3.1.3 Federal Promotional Efforts
  • 3.2 State and Local Vanpool Incentives
  • 3.3 Employer Vanpool Incentives
• 4. Existing Vanpool Programs
  • 4.1 Federal Programs
  • 4.2 State Programs
    • 4.2.1 Utah
    • 4.2.2 New Jersey
    • 4.2.3 Connecticut
    • 4.2.4 Michigan
    • 4.2.5 Hawaii
    • 4.2.6 Maine
    • 4.2.7 Colorado
    • 4.2.8 Idaho
  • 4.3 Local Programs
    • 4.3.1 Twin Cities
    • 4.3.2 Ft. Collins
    • 4.3.3 Denver
    • 4.3.4 Colorado Springs
    • 4.3.5 Boise
    • 4.3.6 Missoula
    • 4.3.7 Fargo
• 5. Employer Receptivity
  • 5.1 Survey Participants
  • 5.2 Survey Responses
  • 5.3 Site Visits
• 6. Program Goals and Design Considerations
  • 6.1 Program Goals
  • 6.2 Design Considerations
    • 6.2.1 State vs. Local Control
    • 6.2.2 Self-Administered vs. Contractor-Operated Programs
    • 6.2.3 Vehicle Purchases and Ownership
    • 6.2.4 Fuel Purchases and Vehicle Maintenance
    • 6.2.5 Government Money - Seed vs. Subsidy
    • 6.2.6 Small vs. Large Vans - Safety, Management, and Drive Time
    • 6.2.7 Fares - Pricing Options and Elasticity of Demand
    • 6.2.8 Driver Incentives
    • 6.2.9 Guaranteed Rides Home
    • 6.2.10 Employer Support
• 7. Summary and Recommendations
  • 7.1 Availability of Financial Resources
    • 7.1.1 Recommendation-Reestablish Vanpooling in North Dakota
  • 7.2 Management
    • 7.2.1 Recommendation-Contract for Program Operations and Promotions
  • 7.3 Program Features
    • 7.3.1 Recommendation-Vehicle Size, Style, and Age
    • 7.3.2 Recommendation-Subsidize Monthly Fares
    • 7.3.3 Recommendation - Subsidize Drivers
    • 7.3.4 Recommendation - Subsidize Empty Seats
    • 7.3.5 Recommendation - Calculate Fares on a Per Vehicle Basis
    • 7.3.6 Recommendation - Easy Termination
    • 7.3.7 Recommendation - Emergency Rides Home
    • 7.3.8 Recommendation-Safety and Accountability
  • 7.4 Program Marketing
    • 7.4.1 Recommendation - Work through Major Employers to Promote Program
  • 7.5 Monitoring
    • 7.5.1 Recommendation - Monitor Program Achievements and Costs and Redesign to Achieve Maximum Efficiencies and Results
  • 7.6 Cost Estimates
  • 7.7 Sequence of Events
  • 7.8 Summary
• References
• Appendix A. Employer Questionnaire*
• Appendix B. Implementation/Promotional Materials*